Where most of the labs report rating levels or numeric scores, London-based MRG-Effitas uses something closer to a pass/fail system. Unless an antivirus exhibits near-perfect protection, it simply fails. In the all-types malware defense test, an antivirus that immediately defeats every attacker receives level 1 certification, while those that remediate all malware activity within 24 hours reach level 2. Norton and ESET NOD32 Antivirus passed at level 2, as did Avira and Avast. Bitdefender, Malwarebytes, and Microsoft managed level 1 certification. In a separate test focused on banking Trojans, only half the antiviruses passed, Norton among them.